Cited, simulated, predicted, untested引用、模拟、预测、未测试

What is known, and how well哪些是知道的，知道到什么程度

cited引用someone else's published result, read at its source by an AI别人已发表的结果，由 AI 读过其原始出处 simulated模拟computed on synthetic data在合成数据上算出 predicted预测an estimate, not yet measured or priced估计值，尚未测量或查到标价 untested未测试assumed, disputed or never tried只是假设、有争议或从没试过
Claim说法 Status状态 Evidence依据
Broiler breast sarcomeres average 1.69 µm (1.91 µm in wooden-breast fillets).肉鸡胸肉的肌节平均 1.69 µm（木质化胸肉为 1.91 µm）。cited引用F-10: a laser-diffraction study, read from its abstractF-10：一项激光衍射研究，依据其摘要
Mono IMX296 global-shutter boards for the Raspberry Pi exist (1456 × 1088 px, 3.45 µm); the official Pi Global Shutter Camera is colour, so it is not used.树莓派可用的 IMX296 黑白全局快门相机板确实存在（1456 × 1088 px, 3.45 µm）；官方全局快门相机是彩色的，所以不用。cited引用F-5, F-27, F-28: vendor pages and the product briefF-5、F-27、F-28：厂商页面和产品简介
The NHS-ester pan-staining step follows the published pan-ExM method.NHS 酯全蛋白染色沿用已发表的 pan-ExM 方法。cited引用F-18: full text, MethodsF-18：论文全文的方法部分
UK REACH Annex XVII bars supplying CMR substances to the public, and covers formaldehyde through Reg. (EU) 2018/675.英国 REACH 附件 XVII 禁止向公众供应 CMR 物质，并通过 (EU) 2018/675 号条例覆盖甲醛。cited引用F-12: the legislation itselfF-12：法规原文
TREx reaches about 10× in one step; its published correction traces a lab discrepancy to the TEMED stock.TREx 一步可放大约 10×；其发表的更正把不同实验室结果的差异归因于 TEMED 母液。cited引用F-7, F-20: the paper and its correctionF-7、F-20：论文及其更正
Bis-acrylamide is a Cat. 1B mutagen (Muta. 1B, H340) in Great Britain's legally binding classification list.在大不列颠具有法律约束力的分类清单里，双丙烯酰胺是 1B 类致突变物（Muta. 1B，H340）。cited引用F-13, checked 2026-10-10 by the X-WOW AI agent against HSE's GB mandatory classification list (in legal effect from 2025-09-23) and re-derived by a separate AI review, not by a person; one supplier's 2023 sheet still leaves its solution unclassified (safety sources). Until 2026-10-10 this row said "untested".F-13，2026-10-10 由 X-WOW 的 AI 代理对照英国 HSE 的大不列颠强制分类清单核对（该分类自 2025-09-23 起具有法律效力），并由另一轮 AI 审查重新推算，不是人工核对；有一家供应商 2023 年的 SDS 仍没给它的溶液分类（安全资料来源）。2026-10-10 之前，这一行标的是“未检验”。
The chicken A-band is about 1.6 µm long.鸡肉的 A 带长约 1.6 µm。untested未测试F-17: only a generic vertebrate valueF-17：只有脊椎动物的通用数值
The 40X objective's price.40X 物镜的价格。untested未测试F-30: seen only in a search result; the maker's page answers with an anti-bot check, so it is not yet read and stays out of the totals. The 20X objective's price was read on its shop page on 11 October 2026.F-30：只在搜索结果里见过；厂商页面会先弹出反机器人检查，所以算尚未查价，不计入总数。20X 物镜的价格已于 2026 年 10 月 11 日在商店页面上读到。
The camera's quantum efficiency, read noise and full well used in the light budget.光预算里用到的相机量子效率、读出噪声和满阱容量。untested未测试F-23: datasheet values not yet confirmedF-23：数据表数值尚未确认
The axial ruler measures each myofibril to 0.3–0.6% RMS on our own gels, but 1.8% on red-team gel S3 (7.5% beyond ±2%).轴向尺子在我们自己的凝胶上对每根肌原纤维的误差为 0.3–0.6%（均方根），在红队凝胶 S3 上是 1.8%（7.5% 超过 ±2%）。simulated模拟D-33; strain_map_v1.json (own gels); strain_map_v2.json (S3)D-33；strain_map_v1.json（自己的凝胶）；strain_map_v2.json（S3）
Our own blind gel S1b: whole-gel expansion error −0.11%, false flags 0.00%; the hotspot and the under-digested patch are caught. On red-team gel S3 the under- and over-expanded patches were not (0%, 0%).我们自己的盲测凝胶 S1b：整体放大误差 −0.11%，误报 0.00%；膨胀不足区和消化不足区都被抓到。在红队凝胶 S3 上，膨胀不足和过度的区域都没被抓到（0%、0%）。simulated模拟D-34; strain_map_v1.json, gel S1b; strain_map_v2.json, gel S3D-34；strain_map_v1.json，S1b 号凝胶；strain_map_v2.json，S3 号凝胶
Known misses: the +2.5% stretch gets the wrong label; the 1.5 µm tear is below the limit.已知漏洞：+2.5% 拉伸被标错类别；1.5 µm 裂缝低于检测下限。simulated模拟strain_map_v1.json, gel S1bstrain_map_v1.json，S1b 号凝胶
With each cross-section's shape measured, the transverse ruler's bias is ≤ 0.04% on our own gels, but −17.8% on red-team gel S3 (a blur shape it does not model).量出每根纤维的截面形状后，横向尺子的偏差在我们自己的凝胶上为 ≤ 0.04%，在红队凝胶 S3 上是 −17.8%（一种它没建模的模糊形状）。simulated模拟D-32; strain_map_v1.json (own gels); strain_map_v2.json (S3)D-32；strain_map_v1.json（自己的凝胶）；strain_map_v2.json（S3）
The 4× track samples at 1.03× Nyquist, with a Strehl ratio, relative to the gel's surface and from index mismatch only, of at least 0.98 over 0–12 µm.4× 路线采样为奈奎斯特的 1.03×，0–12 µm 深度内、相对凝胶表面且只算折射率失配的斯特列尔比不低于 0.98。simulated模拟D-29; optics_v1.json (thin-lens and Gibson–Lanni models)D-29；optics_v1.json（薄透镜与 Gibson–Lanni 模型）
Signal-to-noise reaches 10 at the lowest labelling.最低标记率下信噪比能达到 10。simulated: fails模拟：未达标optics_v1.json; risk R30, openoptics_v1.json；风险 R30，未解决
The full build costs ≥ £214: the sum of the lines priced so far.完整整机的成本 ≥ £214：这只是目前已查到价格的条目之和。cited引用D-78; budget_v1.json; 3 of 31 lines priced from supplier pages, 28 not yet read, so no full total yetD-78；budget_v1.json；31 条中 3 条的价格读自供应商页面，28 条尚未查价，所以还没有完整总数
Label-free before-images have enough contrast (5–50% assumed).不染色的膨胀前图像对比度够用（假设为 5–50%）。untested未测试calc_v0.json; risk R21calc_v0.json；风险 R21
The gel chemistry expands chicken myofibrils evenly.这套凝胶化学能把鸡肉肌原纤维均匀地胀大。untested未测试Never run; risks R5, R13从没做过；风险 R5、R13
One button: chicken in, images, QC report and paper draft out.一键：鸡肉进去，图像、质控报告和论文草稿出来。untested未测试A design goal; the mechanical and fluidic designs and the instrument software were never written设计目标；机械和流体设计、仪器软件都还没写
No earlier expansion microscopy on a 3D-printed microscope was found, and no paired, label-free before-and-after period ratio on the same myofibril. Isolated vertebrate myofibrils have been expanded before (rabbit; a 2022 thesis).没找到在 3D 打印显微镜上做膨胀显微的先例，也没找到对同一根肌原纤维做膨胀前后免标记周期配对比值的先例。分离的脊椎动物肌原纤维以前有人膨胀过（兔肌；一篇 2022 年的学位论文）。untested未测试F-19 and prior_art.md (10 searches, 10 Oct 2026), and an AI review's 17 more searches the same day (an AI told to read as a sceptical specialist); nearest prior art: Zhang et al. 2016 (expansion on a mini-microscope) and expansion of muscle biopsies at neuromuscular junctions; a 2022 thesis on expanded myofibrillar bundlesF-19 与 prior_art.md（2026 年 10 月 10 日的 10 次检索），以及同一天一次 AI 审查（让 AI 扮演挑剔的专业读者）另做的 17 次检索；最接近的前人工作：Zhang 等 2016（在迷你显微镜上做膨胀）、对肌肉活检神经肌肉接头的膨胀；以及一篇 2022 年关于膨胀肌原纤维束的学位论文

Nothing here is tagged "verified": on X-WOW that word is kept for a result re-derived from the raw material by a named checker who didn't build it, and the checks above were made by AI. F-, D- and R- numbers are fact, decision and risk IDs in the project's notes. The JSON files are the simulation outputs, published unchanged with this site.

这里没有一条标成“已核实”：在 X-WOW，这个词只留给由一位没参与制作的具名核对者、从原始材料重新推算出来的结果，而上面的核对都是 AI 做的。F-、D-、R- 开头的编号分别是项目笔记里的事实、决定和风险编号。JSON 文件是模拟的原始输出，随本站原样公开。

Evidence ladder证据阶梯

Climb it cheapest first从最便宜的一级开始爬

Before anyone spends money on a lab, three home rungs, each done with an adult, test the parts of SWELL that chemistry can't fix: can the stripes be measured, are they bright enough to be a ruler, and are the fragments long enough? Each rung has a pass mark and a safety note.

在谁花钱进实验室之前，先用三级在家、每一级都由大人陪同做的小实验，检验 SWELL 里化学帮不上忙的部分：条纹量得出来吗？够不够清楚，能不能当尺子？碎片够不够长？每一级都有及格线和安全提示。

RUNG 1第 1 级

Measure a chicken with a laser用激光量一量鸡肉

Shine a laser pointer through a thin strip of chicken breast and measure the diffraction spots: the sarcomere length falls out of one line of maths. How to do it.

用激光笔照穿一薄条鸡胸肉，量衍射亮点的位置，一行算式就能算出肌节长度。具体做法。

Pass
first-order spots on both sides; three strips within ±5% of their mean, inside 1.5–2.0 µm
Safety
a family experiment, age guide 8 and up: the adult handles the laser, the knife, the glass and the raw chicken. Use a red (650 nm) Class 2 pointer, 1 mW or less: cheap green ones can leak invisible infrared. Never at eyes or shiny surfaces; lay the strip so the fibres run level, which keeps the side spots at table height; hold the slides in a peg or clip, not fingers; raw-meat hygiene
及格
中央两侧都有一级亮点；三条肉的结果都在平均值 ±5% 以内，并落在 1.5–2.0 µm 之间
安全
家庭实验，适合 8 岁及以上：激光笔、刀、玻片和生鸡肉都由大人来拿。用红色（650 nm）、2 类、1 mW 及以下的激光笔：便宜的绿色激光笔可能漏出看不见的红外光。绝不对着眼睛或反光面；肉条要让纤维水平放，这样两侧的亮点都留在桌面高度；用夹子夹住玻片，不要用手拿；按生肉卫生处理

RUNG 2第 2 级

See the stripes看见条纹

Blend a pea-sized piece of chicken breast for a few seconds in ice-cold, weak salt water (6 g of salt per litre; much stronger brine dissolves the stripes), put a drop under a coverslip on any microscope with a 40× objective, and let swell-ruler measure the stripes. Plain bright-field with the condenser wide open shows almost nothing: close the condenser iris or tilt the light. Measure your pixel size with a stage micrometer (or from your rung-1 sarcomere length). No stain and no lab chemicals.

把豌豆大小的一块鸡胸肉放进冰冷的淡盐水里（每升 6 克盐；盐水太浓会把条纹溶掉），打碎几秒钟，取一滴盖上盖玻片，放到任何带 40 倍物镜的显微镜下，再让 swell-ruler 量条纹。普通明场、聚光镜光圈全开时几乎看不见：把光圈收小，或者让光斜着照。用台微尺（或用第 1 级测出的肌节长度）定出像素大小。不染色，不用实验室化学品。

Pass
median q of 1.2 or more (rescaled to 0.194 µm pixels; raw or PNG frames, not JPEG) over 10+ myofibrils with 10+ sarcomeres: SWELL's go/no-go for the label-free ruler. Bright-field in salt water is not the design's DPC in a gel, so a pass is encouraging, not proof
Safety
age guide 10 and up, with an adult. Kitchen salt only. The adult handles the raw chicken, runs the blender, and handles the coverslip, the glass slides and the stage micrometer; children look and run the software. Raw-meat hygiene
及格
10 根以上、每根 10 个以上肌节的肌原纤维，q 中位数达到 1.2 或以上（按 0.194 µm 像素换算；用原始或 PNG 图，不用 JPEG）：这就是 SWELL 免标记标尺的继续/放弃标准。盐水里的明场不等于设计里凝胶中的差分相衬，所以及格是好兆头，不是证明
安全
适合 10 岁及以上，必须有大人一起。只用厨房食盐。生鸡肉、搅拌机、盖玻片、载玻片和台微尺都由大人来拿；孩子负责看显微镜和运行软件。按生肉卫生处理

RUNG 3第 3 级

Long enough fragments碎片够不够长

The ruler needs fragments with at least 8 sarcomeres. The same images give a length histogram; gentler blending keeps fragments longer.

标尺需要至少 8 个肌节长的碎片。同一批图片就能画出长度分布；搅得轻一点，碎片就更长。

Pass
40% or more of fragments with 8+ sarcomeres (the simulation assumed 44%)
Safety
as rung 2
及格
8 个肌节以上的碎片占 40% 或以上（仿真假设的是 44%）
安全
同第 2 级

RUNG 4 · LAB ONLY第 4 级 · 只在实验室

First gels in a proper lab在正规实验室做第一批凝胶

Only once rungs 1–3 pass, and only in a lab with a fume hood, under its own safety rules. The gel chemistry uses restricted carcinogenic reagents. Never at home.

只有前三级都及格后才做，而且只能在有通风橱的实验室里、按实验室自己的安全规定做。凝胶化学要用受管制的致癌试剂，绝不在家里做。

Pass
3 gels: pre-image q ≥ 1.2; per-myofibril axial precision ≤ 1% (per_fibril_spread in result.json); isotropy inside the ±3% gate. Reported, not a pass mark: the gel-mean axial factor next to the overview camera's whole-gel factor (the gel's diameter after ÷ before), and their ratio. A gate of ±0.5% on that ratio was dropped on 10 October 2026, before anyone climbed: a whole gel's factor is itself uncertain (observers' estimates of one gel ranged from 8.6 to 9.4 in GelMap, Damstra et al. 2023), and a myofibril may expand less than its gel.
Safety
the safety section, the lab's own risk assessment, and nothing chemical outside it
及格
3 块凝胶：膨胀前图像 q ≥ 1.2；每根肌原纤维轴向精度 ≤ 1%（result.json 里的 per_fibril_spread）；各向同性在 ±3% 门限内。只报告、不设及格线：整块凝胶的平均轴向倍数、全景相机测得的整体倍数（胶片直径，膨胀后 ÷ 膨胀前），以及两者之比。原来对这个比值设的 ±0.5% 门限，已在 2026 年 10 月 10 日、还没有人开始爬之前取消：整块凝胶的倍数本身就不确定（GelMap 里，不同人对同一块凝胶的估计在 8.6 到 9.4 之间；Damstra 等 2023），而且肌原纤维可能比它所在的凝胶胀得少。
安全
安全一节、实验室自己的风险评估，任何化学品都不出实验室